The case of Optional holding no value. Always the same, shared singleton instance.
Whether this Optional holds no value, i.e. whether it is None. Always !isPresent.
!isPresent
Whether this Optional holds a value, i.e. whether it is a Some.
The contained value, or null if this is None.
null
Returns None, without invoking predicate (there is no value to test).
Returns None, without invoking function (there is no value to apply it to).
Returns an empty Sequence.